Reactivity trend in alkaline earth1/21/2024 Essentially, the heavier the alkaline earth metal, the more vigorously it will react with water. All of the alkaline earth metals except beryllium and magnesium also react with water to produce hydrogen gas and their respective hydroxides (magnesium will react with steam, however). As a result, they are not found in nature in their elemental state.Īll but one of the alkaline earth metals react with the halogens ( chlorine, fluorine etc.) to form ionic compounds (beryllium chloride is the exception, because the bonding is covalent). Metallic bonds in the alkaline earth metals are thus stronger than for the alkali metals, resulting in higher melting points, but they are still quite reactive because the two outer electrons are easily lost. The term "earth" is historical it was the generic name used by alchemists for the oxides of these elements (which at one time were thought to be elements in their own right).Īll of the elements of group two have two electrons in their outer shell. Use aforementioned testing to demonstrate the trend in reactivity bottom set 1 away the Periodic Defer, discovery the mechanical and chemical properties starting that alkali metals. Like the alkali metals, they form alkaline solutions when they react with water. This is because the outer electron in each atom is further away from the nucleus as you go down the group and so the. The elements in this group, which are all shiny and silvery-white in appearance, are known as the alkaline earth metals. In keeping with overall periodic trends, the atomic and ionic radii increase smoothly from Li to Cs, and the first ionization energies decrease as the atoms become larger. Group two of the periodic table comprises the elements beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium and radium. The group 1 elements are all shiny, soft, and highly reactive. Various properties of the group 1 elements are summarized in Table 20.4.1 20.4. The alkali metals (highlighted) occupy group one in the periodic table
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